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As cities like Pokhara take steps toward formalizing their waste management systems, the debate over Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) has emerged as a litmus test for Nepal’s evolving federalism. A recent workshop on Pokhara Metropolitan City’s draft “Waste Management Act 2025” revealed differing views on whether EPR—typically associated with national policy—can be locally operationalized. EPR, […]

In Nepal, community involvement in infrastructure planning is notably rare. The voices and needs of ordinary citizens are often overlooked during the planning and construction of roads, resulting in a predominant focus on motorized transport rather than non-motorized options. While the construction of wide, paved roads is frequently hailed as a sign of development, this